Prof. Gail Gilchrist

Ponència	El consum de substàncies i la seva relació amb la violència
Dates	2 Setembre - 4 Setembre, 2020
Taula rodona 3	Violència i Agressió: Consum de Substàncies i Violència Juvenil

Gail Gilchrist is Reader in Addictions Healthcare Research at the National Addiction Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN). She has worked in addiction research since 1995 in the UK (Argyll and Clyde Drug Action Team, Greater Glasgow NHS Board, University of Greenwich), Australia (University of Melbourne) and Spain (Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona). She holds/has held grants from the NIHR Programme Grant for Applied Research, NIHR Health Technology Assessment, Nuffield Foundation, ESRC, Alcohol Education Research Council, National Health and Medical Research Council (Australia), Beyondblue (Australia), the Australian Primary Healthcare Institute, Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria ISCIII, American Foundation for AIDS Research, the Department of Health (Catalunya) and the European Union Drug Prevention and Information Programme.

Intimate partner abuse (IPA) involves behaviour that causes physical, sexual or psychological harm, including aggression, sexual coercion, psychological abuse, financial abuse and controlling behaviours towards a (ex)partner. Around 30% of women globally have experienced IPA. While no single factor explains why some people perpetrate IPA, substance use and dependence, are contributory risk factors. There is a higher prevalence of IPA perpetration among men in substance use treatment (34-49%) compared to men in the general population (5-21%). Among men in substance use treatment, adverse childhood experiences, general violence, previous IPA, depression, having a partner who uses substances, hazardous drinking and poly-substance use were associated with more severe IPA perpetration. Despite this, there are a lack of effective IPA perpetrator interventions for men who use substances. We conducted a meta-ethnography of 26 qualitative studies and narrative interviews with 14 men in substance use treatment and their female (ex)partners to describe the dynamics of IPA and substance use. Psycho-pharmacological effects (intoxication, withdrawal and addiction) were rarely the only explanation for IPA. Men described IPA as arising from a specific dispute or perceived sexual betrayal, whereas women described a pattern of abusive behaviour and sexual jealousy. A systematic review of the effectiveness of perpetrator interventions (9 trials) for men (n=1,014) who use substances found limited evidence for their effectiveness. Interventions targeting both IPA and substance use were not superior to substance use treatment as usual (TAU). We developed and evaluated a 16-week intervention to reduce IPA delivered to men in substance use treatment, the ADVANCE intervention. A feasibility RCT with a nested formative evaluation was conducted. 104 men were randomly allocated to receive the ADVANCE intervention + TAU or TAU. Findings support the feasibility of conducting an evaluation trial and the acceptability of delivering the ADVANCE intervention to men in substance use treatment.

Acknowledgements

The ADVANCE programme of research was undertaken with other authors: Polly Radcliffe, Juliet Henderson, Beverly Love, Sabine Landau, Laura Potts, John Strang, Louise Howard, Fay Dennis (King’s College London); Elizabeth Gilchrist, Amy Johnson (University of Edinburgh); Danielle Lewis-Stephens (University of Gloucester); Gene Feder, Gemma Halliwell, Sandi Dheensa, Alyson Huntley (University of Bristol); Mary McMurran (Independent Consulting Psychologist); David Gadd (Manchester University); Sara Kirkpatrick (Respect); Caroline Easton, Cassandra Berbary (Rochester Institute of Technology); Steve Parrott, Jinshuo Li (University of York).